| Title: | Surprise Chief Minister Appointments: In Tune with the BJP’s Policy |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | The surprise choice of chief ministers in the three states of Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan reaffirmed the primacy of the Bharatiya Janata Party high command in state politics. |
| Date: | 28 December 2023 |
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| Title: | Women Lead Change in Mizoram from the Frontlines |
| Author/s: | Navaneeta Deori, Biswajit Choudhury |
| Abstract: | For the first time, three women candidates emerged victorious in the recently concluded Mizoram’s state assembly elections. It marks a historic and euphoric moment for the state. |
| Date: | 28 December 2023 |
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| Title: | India-US Relations in 2023: Advancing Amid New Problems |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | That United States (US) President Joe Biden could not accept the Indian invitation to be the honoured guest at India’s 2024 Republic Day celebrations is viewed by some as a US snub to Prime Minister Narendra Modi. However, a closer look suggests that the partnership between Delhi and Washington is alive and well and is expected to thrive in 2024. |
| Date: | 27 December 2023 |
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| Title: | The Maldives-China FTA: Grave Economic Consequences |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | The stalled free trade agreement with China might be operationalised soon by the new government in the Maldives. Its economic consequences could be heavily damaging and the tiny island state could be pushed into an economic crisis. |
| Date: | 21 December 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | COP28, South Asia and Fossil Fuels: Difficulties in Transition and Adaptation |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | Transitioning to national fuel mixes comprising more renewables and less fossil fuels is yet to be a viable option for many countries. The outcomes of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change highlight the difficulty for South Asia, along with concern over the lack of funds for aiding adaptation. |
| Date: | 19 December 2023 |
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| Title: | Beyond 1971: Kissinger and India’s Geopolitics |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Indian foreign policy community’s reflections on Henry Kissinger, who passed away at 100 in November 2023, have inevitably focused on the United States leader’s tilt towards Pakistan in the 1971 war to liberate Bangladesh. However, his impact on India’s international relations beyond the events of 1971 has been deep and enduring – especially the injection of Kissingerian realism into Indian foreign policy. |
| Date: | 19 December 2023 |
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| Title: | Environment Versus Economy: Nepal’s Dilemma with Electric Vehicles |
| Author/s: | Puspa Sharma |
| Abstract: | Nepal has set a very high target of replacing conventional vehicles by electric vehicles to achieve its high ambition of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2045. Given the structure of Nepal’s revenue basket, a rapid switch from conventional to electric vehicles (EVs) might substantially reduce Nepal’s revenue. Hence, Nepal needs to find the right balance between its revenue collection and the transition to EVs. |
| Date: | 8 December 2023 |
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| Title: | The BJP in Pole Position for the 2024 General Elections |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | The impressive victory of the Bharatiya Janata Party in the polls in Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan indicates that the party could replicate its dominant performance from the 2019 general elections in the Hindi belt in 2024. Though the Congress won in Telangana, its poor show in the north has dealt a blow to efforts at opposition unity. |
| Date: | 7 December 2023 |
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| Title: | The BJP Wins the Semi-final: Impressive Gains in State Elections |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | The elections in India in November 2023, widely believed to be the semi-final before the general elections next year, saw the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) gain firm control in the Hindi heartland. The BJP bucked anti-incumbency and retained power in Madhya Pradesh and managed to wrest power, with substantial margins, in Chhattisgarh and Rajasthan. Telangana witnessed the unseating of the regional party in favour of the Congress. Mizoram saw a new party gain power. |
| Date: | 6 December 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Electoral Bond Scheme Faces Supreme Court Scrutiny |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | In an attempt to bring about transparency and mitigate the prevalence of cash donations to political parties, the government introduced the scheme of electoral bonds in 2018. However, the scheme has evoked negative response. Issues regarding anonymity around donors, removal of the ceiling on amounts that corporate entities could donate and cornering of large chunks of donations by the government in power have evoked litigation in the Supreme Court. The Court is to announce its verdict which is set to have a serious bearing in the 2024 general elections. |
| Date: | 30 November 2023 |
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| Title: | Deepening India-Australia Relations in an Evolving Indo-Pacific |
| Author/s: | Iqbal Singh Sevea |
| Abstract: | Bilateral relations between India and Australia are being shaped by the evolving geopolitical and economic context in the Indo-Pacific. Defence, strategic and economic relations with India are increasingly important as Australia seeks to develop a strategic balance of power. |
| Date: | 29 November 2023 |
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| Title: | Beyond Gaza: India’s Changing Middle East Policies |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Focused until now on the Indo-Pacific, the India-United States (US) strategic partnership is steadily expanding to cover the Middle East. The fifth round of the ‘two plus two’ dialogue in New Delhi in November 2023 highlighted the growing convergence of Indian and US interests in the Middle East. New Delhi, which historically maintained significant political distance in the past from the US in the region, appears ready to work closely with Washington. |
| Date: | 14 November 2023 |
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| Title: | Bangladesh’s Crucial Juncture: Elections, Uncertainty and Ramifications |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | As Bangladesh approaches its 12th national elections, concerns mount over the electoral process’ fairness. Historically, neutral caretaker governments oversaw elections. However, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina abolished this requirement in 2011, leading to opposition claims of manipulation. Strikes, blockades, state repression and mutual accusations persist. The government’s approval of international election observers adds to the intrigue, with investigations revealing irregularities. Economic consequences and uncertainty could threaten growth, and there is growing United States pressure for democratic reforms, raising regime change suspicions. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party faces challenges, with Khaleda Zia’s health in question. While Bangladesh hopes for a democratic future, uncertainties weigh on its citizens’ minds. |
| Date: | 9 November 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Five Indian States Go to Polls: A Test for the 2024 General Elections? |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | Five states across India will go to elections in November 2023. The elections could be seen as a test of the popularity of the Bharatiya Janata Party, Congress and regional parties in the run-up to the general elections. However, Assembly results are often not a good indicator of the outcome of the general elections. |
| Date: | 8 November 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Global Climate Strategy |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan, Constantino Xavier |
| Abstract: | As climate issues get securitised and discussed beyond the United Nations framework, India’s approach to climate change has become more strategic and global. |
| Date: | 6 November 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Prioritising IPEF Outcomes: India Should Join Trade Talks |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | The Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) negotiations are expected to conclude soon. Given the delays it is facing in concluding other ongoing free trade agreements, India should focus on strong results from the IPEF. It should also join IPEF trade talks for long-term benefits. |
| Date: | 1 November 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor: An Alternative to the Congested Suez Canal |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | The India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor proposes a cost-efficient alternative to the heavily choked Suez Canal for shipping goods from India to Europe. This is essential to safeguard supply chains following the increase in trade arising from India’s foreign trade agreements with the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the European Union. |
| Date: | 16 October 2023 |
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| Title: | Sri Lanka’s Foreign Policy During Crisis Recovery |
| Author/s: | Rajni Gamage |
| Abstract: | As the new Chair of the Indian Ocean Rim Association, Sri Lanka is looking to play a more active role in strengthening the regional rules-based order. This is a plausible strategy in managing regional geopolitics for an otherwise externally dependent and economically vulnerable small island nation. |
| Date: | 10 October 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor: Will Recent Challenges Create a Setback? |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | The announcement of the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in New Delhi in September 2023 seems to be of great geo-political significance. The corridor is expected to involve Indo-Saudi ship transit, rail linkages to the United Arab Emirates and further connections by rail. Although the project details are yet to be worked out, it is expected that if implemented as per schedule, it could be a game changer. However, several challenges, including the recent Hamas attack on Israel, could create setbacks to the process. |
| Date: | 10 October 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Beyond Trudeau: Connected Politics of India and the Anglosphere |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | As New Delhi and Ottawa struggle to defuse the current tensions in bilateral relations over the assassination of a Khalistani militant, Hardeep Singh Nijjar, in Canada in June 2023, the crisis underlines the deepening interpenetration of domestic politics of India and the Anglosphere. India and its Anglo-Saxon partners must agree on broad guidelines against unacceptable intervention in each other’s internal affairs. |
| Date: | 5 October 2023 |
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| Title: | A New President in the Maldives: Muizzu Faces Domestic and External Challenges |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | Mohamed Muizzu, the joint candidate of the Progressive Party of Maldives and People’s National Congress, has been elected the president of the Maldives. It will be interesting to see how he deals with the internal political and economic challenges and manages the country’s ties with the major powers. |
| Date: | 4 October 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Pension Politics Intensifies in India |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | Reviving the old pension scheme for government employees is shaping up as a major electoral promise of the opposition parties in India. If the ruling National Democratic Alliance government is driven to similar assurances, then electoral politics will consume much hard-earned fiscal consolidation. |
| Date: | 3 October 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Indian Parliament Passes Women’s Reservation Bill |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | A legislation to mandate one-third reservation for women in India’s lower house of parliament and state assemblies was passed in the special session of the Indian parliament held between 18 and 22 September 2023. This is a welcome step, though the timeline for its implementation and the timing of the announcement have raised concerns. |
| Date: | 29 September 2023 |
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| Title: | The United States in Gwadar: Testing China’s Dominance in Pakistan |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The recent visit of the United States (US) Ambassador to Pakistan, Donald Blome, to Gwadar Balochistan, where China is building a port and developing an industrial zone, may not translate into substantive outcomes in the near term. However, it marks Washington’s new commitment to challenge Beijing’s dominance in Pakistan and Islamabad’s attempt to reset its ties with the US. |
| Date: | 19 September 2023 |
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| Title: | India and Bhutan-China Boundary Talks |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | Bhutan and China recently concluded the 13th Expert Group Meeting (EGM) on boundary issues. The Joint Technical Team, established by the two sides, also held its first meeting on the sidelines of the 13th EGM. Given India’s geographic proximity to Bhutan and China, any change in the territorial status quo will have an impact on India. |
| Date: | 15 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The G20 Summit: Major Policy Directions Mark Credibility of the Process |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | India’s G20 presidency delivered a detailed Leaders Declaration, produced by consensus among its members. The Declaration contains policy directions on major economic issues. India will draw satisfaction from enabling these policy directions that ensure the durability of the G20 process. |
| Date: | 12 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | G20: India’s Diplomatic Triumph |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | India’s G20 presidency, which concluded with its highly consequential summit, sets the tone for future G20 economic cooperation without being consumed by geopolitical tensions. |
| Date: | 11 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Connecting India, Arabia and Europa |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | When implemented, the multimodal transport, energy and digital corridor between India and Europe via the Arabian Peninsula, announced on the margins of the G20 summit in New Delhi in early September 2023, marks a breakthrough in post-partition India’s quest for deeper connectivity with the regions to the west and north-west of the subcontinent. |
| Date: | 11 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The G20 and India’s Digital Public Infrastructure |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | One of the key declarations of the G20 members was to recognise the need for a safe, secure, trusted, accountable and inclusive digital public infrastructure (DPI). India’s role in pioneering and deploying DPI has been lauded by the World Bank report and the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion. The Indian experience was suggested for adoption among countries seeking to have an open and interoperable system. India has been tasked to build and maintain a Global Digital Public Infrastructure Repository, a virtual repository of DPI to be voluntarily shared by G20 members and beyond. |
| Date: | 11 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Simultaneous Elections on the Agenda in India |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | The holding of simultaneous elections to parliament, state assemblies and local bodies has been featured in the Bharatiya Janata Party’s manifesto. The government has now constituted a committee to recommend the conduct of these simultaneous elections. The committee is to make specific recommendations on amendments to the Constitution and the Representation of the People Act and if these amendments would require ratification by the states. This announcement has fuelled a debate among the political parties. |
| Date: | 8 September 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Church Attacks in Jaranwala and the Issue of Religious Intolerance in Pakistan |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed, Hatizah Rashid |
| Abstract: | Pakistan has grappled with religious intolerance, fuelled by the intertwining of politics and blasphemy laws. The recent incident in the small town of Jaranwala in Punjab, which led to a series of attacks on churches, following accusations of blasphemy, spotlights this ongoing issue. Weak governance structures and unchecked clerical power worsen the problem. Repealing or amending blasphemy laws is essential, though challenges to do so remain formidable. |
| Date: | 5 September 2023 |
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| Title: | The Strategic Logic of India in BRICS |
| Author/s: | Yogesh Joshi, Devyani Chaturvedi |
| Abstract: | In the aftermath of the 15th BRICS Summit held in South Africa, India’s focus on multilateralism through non-western political forums such as BRICS requires political consideration. As most of these multilateral forums continue to be influenced by Chinese hegemony, India needs to re-evaluate its participation in such multilateral forums, adopting a clear-eyed strategic analysis of how such forums can contribute to its national interests while moving away from its yesteryear’s idealism of non-alignment and third-world solidarity. |
| Date: | 31 August 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Two-Front War Anxiety and Nuclear Deterrence |
| Author/s: | Yogesh Joshi |
| Abstract: | India’s strategic community is beset with the prospects of a two-front war along the country’s northern and western borders. The growing military collusion between Pakistan and China has raised anxieties of active military cooperation during crises and wars. Can nuclear weapons help India achieve deterrence against the prospects of a two-front war with Pakistan and China? |
| Date: | 30 August 2023 |
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| Title: | The Presidential Elections in the Maldives |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | On 9 September 2023, the Maldives will go to the polls to elect its new president. At the moment, the incumbent, Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, has an edge over the other candidates. However, several internal and external factors could determine the voters’ preference in the election. |
| Date: | 28 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Sri Lankan President’s Visit to Singapore: Climate Adaptation for Small Maritime Nations |
| Author/s: | Rajni Gamage, Amila Prasanga |
| Abstract: | In August 2023, Sri Lanka’s President Ranil Wickremesinghe made an official visit to Singapore. Bilateral discussions were centred around a memorandum of understanding on carbon credits. These efforts signal the increasing importance of climate-related initiatives and maritime security in diplomatic and bilateral relations. |
| Date: | 28 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | India, the Quad and the Taiwan Challenge |
| Author/s: | Yogesh Joshi |
| Abstract: | As India prepares to host the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) summit next year, one key question around its continuing enmeshment in the Indo-Pacific’s most crucial geopolitical grouping remains around its views on an impending crisis in Taiwan. The issue of India’s stance on a future confrontation involving China on the one hand, and the United States and its strategic allies such as Japan and Australia on the other, has not been publicly debated within the Quad. Yet, this unasked and unanswered question is pivotal for the Quad and India’s relevance within the group. Not without reason, India’s strategic community has finally woken up to the policy dilemma presented by Taiwan and the Quad’s expectations of India. |
| Date: | 25 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Relief for Rahul Gandhi in Disqualification Case |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | After the Supreme Court stayed the conviction of Congress leader Rahul Gandhi by a Gujarat court in a defamation case, he was back in parliament on 9 August 2023. While the Supreme Court order threw the spotlight on the lower court’s judgment, Rahul’s disqualification will be kept on hold until the Gujarat court concludes its hearing. |
| Date: | 24 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | India’s Changing Relations with Taiwan |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | As the crisis in the Taiwan Straits escalates, and the military stand-off in the Ladakh region of the Sino-Indian frontier persists, New Delhi and Taipei are inching closer to each other. The new engagement between India and Taiwan involves more military consultations and deeper commercial engagement. |
| Date: | 21 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Crossroads of Uncertainty: Pakistan’s Challenges Ahead |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed, Hatizah Rashid |
| Abstract: | Pakistan’s political and economic future is faced with uncertainty in the wake of recent dramatic events, from the arrest of former prime minister, Imran Khan, to the nation’s eager anticipation of a caretaker government and impending elections. |
| Date: | 16 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Afghanistan’s Water Fight with Iran |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | Efforts to address Iran-Afghanistan disputes on shared waters will require active diplomatic engagement, and careful internal and transboundary water management. Bilateral tensions and clashes along their border will worsen the drought faced by the two countries. |
| Date: | 14 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The Final Passage: India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | Both houses of the Indian parliament have passed the personal data protection bill into law after years of debate, discussion and dissent. |
| Date: | 14 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Converging Challenges in Bangladesh: Complexities in the Lead-up to Elections |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | With positive strides in social development, Bangladesh aims to transition from a least developed country to a developing one by 2026. However, while aspiring for democratic revival, the country faces economic and political challenges. It is also grappling with natural disaster vulnerabilities and climate change risks, even ranking seventh globally for extreme weather impact. Amid this, it navigates new economic difficulties prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic and global events, seeking International Monetary Fund support. Concurrently, growing authoritarianism under Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s rule raises concerns about eroded political freedoms, although her strategic alliances ease international pressure. Despite economic progress, this authoritarian approach might jeopardise recent achievements and may have an impact on the forthcoming elections. |
| Date: | 10 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Indian Opposition Gets Its Act Together |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | On 18 July 2023, 26 opposition parties, including the Indian National Congress, came together in Bengaluru to announce the formation of an alliance called ‘INDIA’ (Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance). While it has coordinated during the ongoing monsoon session of the Indian parliament to put pressure on the government, its strategy and efficacy will be tested in the run-up to the 2024 general elections. |
| Date: | 4 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Xi Jinping in India: A Diplomatic Opportunity? |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Optimists hope that Chinese President Xi Jinping’s likely visit to New Delhi to attend the G-20 summit in September 2023 could be a diplomatic opportunity to resume normal ties between the two nations. Pessimists do not see any evidence that China is willing to address India’s concerns about the border tensions in Ladakh. Yet, realists see imperatives on both sides to find a way out of the current stalemate. |
| Date: | 3 August 2023 |
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| Title: | Strategy For India in a New Era: Working in Concert with the Middle Powers |
| Author/s: | Swagato Ganguly |
| Abstract: | Indian foreign policy is often defined by its quest for strategic autonomy. Given the current trends in global geopolitics, marked by intensifying great power rivalry between the United States and China, as well as the Russian overstretch in Ukraine, India can shore up its strategic autonomy by reducing its dependence on Russia and working more closely with middle powers such as France, Japan, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany and South Korea. This brief outlines ways in which India can do so and makes a case for it to define a national security strategy for itself. |
| Date: | 2 August 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Ranil Wickremesinghe’s India Visit: Key Bilateral Commitments and Challenges |
| Author/s: | Pradeep Ranaweera, Rajni Gamage |
| Abstract: | In July 2023, Sri Lanka’s President Ranil Wickremesinghe made his first official trip to India since assuming office in July last year. Bilateral discussions focused on the commitment to Sri Lanka’s recovery since its economic crisis in 2022. However, several challenges to achieve these commitments persist. |
| Date: | 27 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | India’s Increasingly Geo-economic Foreign Policy |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | Economic considerations are now driving India’s seemingly adroit steps in the foreign policy arena. Foreign policy has become a tool through which India is absorbing critical economic pressures and clinching and advancing emergent opportunities. |
| Date: | 18 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Modi, Macron and the Art of Strategic Autonomy |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | During his visit to Paris this month, Prime Minister Narendra Modi joined hands with President Emmanuel Macron to unveil an ambitious new vision for bilateral cooperation in the next quarter of a century. Propelling the partnership forward is the new salience of France in India’s geopolitics. If Russia was the guarantor of India’s strategic autonomy in the past, France is now set to occupy that critical position in India’s changing great power relations. |
| Date: | 17 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Internationalising the Indian Rupee |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | The Reserve Bank of India had set up an inter-departmental group to ascertain the feasibility of internationalising the Rupee. The group has submitted its report. It has recommended several short, medium and long-term measures to achieve the objective. While the benefits of trade settlements in the Indian Rupee are significant, the path to internationalisation has many challenges and although the size of the Indian economy would qualify for internationalising the rupee, India’s trade balance is in adverse. This would pose a significant challenge. |
| Date: | 14 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | India and the SCO: All is Not Well |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The curtailment of the planned two-day Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Delhi in early July 2023 into a brief three-hour online engagement and the significant divergence between India and some other members underline the diminishing utility of the forum in India’s geopolitical calculus. |
| Date: | 10 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The iCET and India-US Tech Partnership |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | The United States and India are forging ahead to establish and cement a technology partnership that could become defining to their relationship. |
| Date: | 10 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The GIFT Nifty: Landmark India-Singapore Deal |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | In a landmark decision reached between the Singapore Exchange (SGX) and the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), derivative contracts, with a notional value of about US$7.5 billion (S$10.1 billion), hitherto traded in Singapore, have begun trading in India from 3 July 2023. The SGX Nifty has been rebranded as the GIFT Nifty and all dollar-denominated contracts of Nifty futures will now trade in the NSE International Exchange located in the GIFT City Special Economic Zone in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. |
| Date: | 10 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Disparities of Subnational Economies of Sri Lanka: A District-Level Analysis |
| Author/s: | Tilak Abeysinghe, Nethmini Gunarathna |
| Abstract: | A regular assessment of regional disparities is essential for an evolving policy framework aimed at balanced regional development. In Sri Lanka, because of data constraints, subnational assessments are often carried out at the provincial level. Such aggregate analyses may overlook intra-provincial disparities. The district-level analysis carried out in this exercise shows the persistence of some disparities though there has been some convergence in certain aspects like improvement in quality of life. |
| Date: | 7 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Pawar Struggle in Maharashtra |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | Maharashtra’s volatile politics saw yet another twist, with the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) leader, Ajit Pawar, splitting his party and joining the state government as deputy chief minister. The split in the NCP, founded by Ajit’s uncle, Sharad Pawar, will impact both state and national politics. |
| Date: | 7 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Finalising India’s Data Protection Bill |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | After years of discussion, debate and dissent, the end is near for India’s much-awaited data protection legislation as it moves toward the final parliamentary approval. |
| Date: | 6 July 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Blasphemy in Bangladesh |
| Author/s: | Isha Gupta, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | In Bangladesh, blasphemy has been a contentious and sensitive topic, garnering considerable international attention over past decades. Individuals continue to be persecuted for blasphemy under various legal provisions regarding religion in Bangladesh to the dismay of human rights groups. |
| Date: | 28 June 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The Biden-Modi Paradox: Implications for Asia |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Although bilateral cooperation on technology, defence, climate change, and trade and investment dominated Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Washington in June 2023, Asia was the running theme in the background. Although neither side mentioned Beijing’s role in bringing them together, China and Asian geopolitics will now be decisive factors driving the India-United States partnership. |
| Date: | 26 June 2023 |
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| Title: | Democratic Deficits and the Counter-Majoritarian Difficulty: Ideologies, Institutions and the Same-Sex Marriage Debate in India |
| Author/s: | Nachiket Midha, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The issue of legalising same-sex marriages in India involves two key problems. Firstly, there is a conflict between the legislature and the judiciary, with the legislature often rushing legislation without sufficient deliberation and scrutiny, and the judiciary having the power to overturn the decisions of elected majorities without democratic accountability. Secondly, if the legislature is granted authority, it would need to navigate a highly controversial interpretation of Hindu philosophy and thought within a secular framework to legislate on this matter. |
| Date: | 26 June 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | The United States and the Modernisation of India’s Defence Industrial Base |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | A key element of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s state visit to Washington in June 2023 is the transfer of technology to produce jet engines in India that can power its indigenous fighter aircraft under development. The modernisation of India’s defence industrial base, with the support of the United States’ technology and capital, will not only help India deter China’s military assertiveness on the Himalayan border but also reduce its long-standing reliance on Russian weapons. |
| Date: | 19 June 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Rahul Gandhi and India’s Foreign Policy Consensus |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | While Congress leader Rahul Gandhi’s criticism of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government has triggered a sharp controversy, his less-noticed remarks on India’s international relations suggest an enduring domestic consensus on foreign policy, especially on its relations with China, Russia and the United States. |
| Date: | 12 June 2023 |
| Read More |
| Title: | Preserving Judicial Independence in India: Need for ‘Cooling-Off’ Period for Post-Retirement Appointments |
| Author/s: | Isha Gupta, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The independence of the judiciary is a key underpinning of India’s constitution and its democracy. The lack of a ‘cooling-off’ period before the High Court and Supreme Court judges take on post-retirement political or government appointments sets a dangerous stage for conflicts of interest, lack of accountability, and a tarnished reputation of the judiciary and its independence. |
| Date: | 8 June 2023 |
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| Title: | Pakistan’s Ongoing Crisis: Military Courts and Human Rights |
| Author/s: | Kunthavi Kalachelvam, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | Pakistan’s ongoing crises, including political instability and recent protests, have led to a concerning situation where the government plans to take legal action against those responsible for damaging military buildings and installations. The use of military courts for civilian trials has raised significant concerns from human rights organisations, highlighting the need for due process and the transfer of such cases to the civilian justice system to ensure fairness and transparency. The situation underscores the importance of upholding human rights and ensuring proper legal proceedings in times of crisis. |
| Date: | 7 June 2023 |
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| Title: | Prachanda’s Visit to New Delhi: Positive Development but Issues Remain |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | During Nepal Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal’s recent visit to India, New Delhi and Kathmandu reached a consensus on some important issues. However, several contentious issues remain and addressing them will further strengthen India-Nepal ties. |
| Date: | 5 June 2023 |
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| Title: | Mining in Pakistan: Towards Climate-Proofing Projects |
| Author/s: | Isha Gupta, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | Mining is a key sector of Pakistan’s economy, though it can have significant adverse environmental impacts, if not adequately regulated. Recent regulations necessitating environmental approval of projects are gradually moving Pakistan towards more sustainable and environmentally conscious industry practices. |
| Date: | 30 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Finding Common Ground: India, the Quad and ASEAN |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | As the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (Quad) forum increases the frequency and intensity of its engagements and expands the scope of its regional public goods activity, there are signs of change in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations’ (ASEAN) attitudes. While the Quad on its part is making a special effort to address the many reservations of Southeast Asia, sections of ASEAN too are beginning to take a fresh look at the Quad. |
| Date: | 29 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Political Turmoil and Protracted Crisis: Pakistan’s Battle for Stability and Democratic Processes |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The strained relationship between Pakistan’s security establishment and Imran Khan’s party, Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), has reached a critical stage, with Khan’s arrest on corruption charges leading to widespread protests. The military and ruling coalition have portrayed the PTI as a security threat, justifying resort to the Pakistan Army Act and Official Secrets Act to prosecute protestors. Concerns arise about the impartiality of these trials and the transparency of the process. The pressure of arrests, legal sanctions and harassment has led to a wave of PTI resignations. Meanwhile, Pakistan faces economic challenges, including a depreciating currency and a current account deficit, compounded by political volatility that hampers comprehensive reforms. Pakistan’s reliance on street politics complicates crisis resolution. The army’s cohesion has been questioned, but its power and resources make it a formidable player in the long run. |
| Date: | 29 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Dismantling of Imran Khan’s Party and the Future of Pakistan |
| Author/s: | Iqbal Singh Sevea |
| Abstract: | More than two dozen members of Imran Khan’s Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) have resigned following the protest on 9 May 2023. These resignations signal an attempt to dismantle and splinter the PTI as Pakistan moves towards elections. They also provide indications about Pakistan’s political future. |
| Date: | 26 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Intersections of Environmental, Climate and Rights Jurisprudence in Pakistan |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The intersection of environmental justice, climate action and rights jurisprudence has become a growing field of study, with courts worldwide increasingly handling cases that involve environmental concerns, human rights and constitutional law. In Pakistan, although the constitution does not explicitly include a fundamental right to a clean environment, aspects of environmental rights have been inferred from the right to life and dignity. Notably, the judiciary has played a crucial role in addressing climate change challenges, recognising the importance of a clean environment for life and dignity. |
| Date: | 25 May 2023 |
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| Title: | End the ₹2,000 Denomination Banknotes |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | In 2018-19, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) discontinued printing the ₹2,000 denomination banknotes. It was believed to be that these notes were not commonly used in cash transactions due to their high denomination, and having been printed prior to 2017, had outlived their lifespan of four to five years. As such, in pursuance of the ‘Clean Note Policy’ of the central bank, these banknotes are to be exchanged with newer banknotes of the lesser denomination. This position of the RBI has now been confirmed in an announcement wherein the public has been advised to exchange these banknotes for notes of smaller denominations. |
| Date: | 24 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Narendra Modi in Hiroshima: India and the Renewed Great Power Conflict |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s participation in the summit of the G7 nations and the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue in May 2023 has showcased India’s growing global salience as well as his own impressive stewardship of Indian foreign policy over the last decade. Yet, Modi also has the challenge of navigating the deepening geopolitical tensions among great powers and seizing the opportunities from the changing global economic order. |
| Date: | 22 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Congress Wins Clear Mandate in Karnataka |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | The Congress won a comfortable majority in the recent Karnataka Assembly elections, wresting the state from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) – the only state in south India where it was in power. The verdict will boost the Congress’ confidence ahead of important Assembly polls and the 2024 general elections, and could force the BJP to rethink its campaign strategy in state elections. |
| Date: | 18 May 2023 |
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| Title: | India-ASEAN Maritime Engagement |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The first-ever maritime exercise between India and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in early May 2023 came at a time when the relations between New Delhi and the premier regional forum had entered an uncertain phase. As the external conditions that facilitated deeper engagement between India and ASEAN changed significantly, the two sides have to work a lot harder than before to advance the strategic partnership. |
| Date: | 17 May 2023 |
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| Title: | Unpacking Imran Khan’s Arrest and its Aftermath |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The arrest of Pakistan’s former prime minister, Imran Khan, at the Islamabad High Court has plunged the country further into unrest and political turmoil. The elements of his arrest and its aftermath are telling. The numerous legal cases, corruption charges and the notable involvement of the National Accountability Bureau reflect the mounting legal pressure directed towards him and his political party. The dramatic circumstances of his arrest signify the alignment between the ruling coalition and the influential security establishment to silence him. The incidents of violence and destruction in the aftermath reflect the erosion of trust in the military’s reputation. Khan’s arrest also revealed the wedge between the apex judiciary and the executive. |
| Date: | 12 May 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Sprawling Climate Diplomacy |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | India’s global climate positions have moved beyond the United Nations frameworks to smaller more nimble mechanisms where New Delhi has the capability to shape and affect positive outcomes. |
| Date: | 8 May 2023 |
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| Title: | The BJP Faces Anti-Incumbency in Karnataka |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) faces a crucial test in the Assembly election in Karnataka, the only state in southern India where it is in power. Anti-incumbency and divisions within the BJP have given the main opposition party – the Congress – a boost in the run-up to the election. |
| Date: | 8 May 2023 |
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| Title: | India, Japan and South Asia Geoeconomics |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The recent Indo-Japanese initiative to promote sub-regional connectivity with Bangladesh in the North-eastern subcontinent and policy coordination between Delhi and Tokyo to support Sri Lanka’s debt restructuring mark an important moment in the evolution of South Asia’s geoeconomics. |
| Date: | 19 April 2023 |
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| Title: | Imran Khan and the Sharif Government: Cycle of Provocation and Confrontation |
| Author/s: | Kunthavi Kalachelvam, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | A significant, unpredictable factor that continues to shape Pakistan’s domestic politics is former Prime Minister Imran Khan and his campaign to return to power. This brief covers the cycle of provocation and confrontation between Khan and the Shehbaz Sharif government, which continues to suspend the country in political uncertainty. It details recent developments, including the twists and turns of Khan’s disqualification, the country’s mounting economic woes and how economic uncertainties impede the political and democratic process, prolonging confusion and instability. While Khan continues his call for early elections, Sharif maintains that the country cannot afford them. However, whether elections can bring politics back into the fold of formal channels is yet another matter. Election results are often honoured in the breach than in their observance in Pakistan. |
| Date: | 31 March 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Tryst with TikTok |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | India’s TikTok ban provides some lessons for other jurisdictions on how they should deal with the mobile application. However, there is, in fact, no real substitute than a privacy law to address harms caused by TikTok. |
| Date: | 29 March 2023 |
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| Title: | Kishida Visits India: Signifying Delhi’s Importance in Tokyo’s Strategic Outlook |
| Author/s: | Purnendra Jain |
| Abstract: | Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida visited India on 20 and 21 March 2023 to discuss multilateral and global issues and the role of Japan and India in the G7 and G20 meetings. He also delivered a significant speech on his vision of a new Indo-Pacific plan. Kishida aimed to strengthen the bilateral relationship, which had slowed since Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s resignation, and to convince India to take a tough stance on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. |
| Date: | 21 March 2023 |
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| Title: | Pakistan’s Economic Crisis: The Bigger Picture |
| Author/s: | Kunthavi Kalachelvam, Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | Pakistan is currently facing soaring inflation rates, depleting foreign currency reserves and the all-too-real possibility of default. How the country navigates the crisis remains to be seen as an option to steer through the troubles that come with mounting political risks and consequences. Pakistan needs to shift its focus from short-term resolutions to sustainable changes in the long run and craft a more comprehensive strategy to mitigate its current, difficult and seemingly intractable situation. However, this is challenging in the face of an enduring political crisis. As the crisis prolongs, the heaviest price, in the end, is paid by ordinary Pakistanis as they struggle to make ends meet. |
| Date: | 17 March 2023 |
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| Title: | Unexpected Allies: India and Australia Deepen their Partnership |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The four-day visit of Prime Minister Anthony Albanese to India in March 2023 has helped consolidate Australia’s position in the A-list of India’s strategic partners. Thanks to the continuous political efforts in both capitals in recent years, the long-standing synergies between the two nations are now being translated into concrete outcomes in the political, economic and security domains. |
| Date: | 16 March 2023 |
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| Title: | BJP Cements Position in Northeast India |
| Author/s: | Ronojoy Sen |
| Abstract: | The election results in three Northeastern states of India saw the Bharatiya Janata Party return to power in Tripura, be a part of the winning coalition in Nagaland and form the government, along with a host of regional parties, in Meghalaya. |
| Date: | 8 March 2023 |
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| Title: | Politics before the Presidential Election in Nepal |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | The primary reason for the recent break in the alliance between the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) and the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) is Pushpa Kamal Dahal’s support for the Nepali Congress’ candidate in the 9 March 2023 presidential election. India, China and the United States are also keenly observing political developments in Nepal. |
| Date: | 7 March 2023 |
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| Title: | India and the Elusive G20 Consensus on Ukraine |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The refusal of Russia and China to support a consensus statement at the G20 foreign ministers meeting in New Delhi, India, in early March 2023 underlined India’s growing diplomatic challenge in salvaging the G20 process amidst the deepening conflict in Ukraine. Despite the sharp differences within G20 on the war in Ukraine, New Delhi is hopeful that it can continue to push the agenda of the ‘Global South’ at the world’s premier multilateral forum. Meanwhile, the sharpening of great power rivalry is also persuading India to recalibrate its position on Ukraine away from Russia. |
| Date: | 6 March 2023 |
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| Title: | Air India’s Landmark Boeing and Airbus Purchases: Stretching Capacity to the Skies |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | Air India has recently placed orders to purchase 470 Boeing and Airbus aircrafts. The huge purchase reflects the national carrier’s plans to upgrade capacities to compete effectively with other carriers in India’s booming aviation travel sector. The purchase also affirms India’s commitment to strategic economic partnerships with the United States and the United Kingdom. |
| Date: | 28 February 2023 |
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| Title: | India-Singapore Digital Payment Systems: Facilitating Cross Border Payments |
| Author/s: | Vinod Rai |
| Abstract: | The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the Monetary Authority of Singapore linked their digital payment systems – Unified Payments Interface of India and PayNow of Singapore – to enable real-time fund transfers between individuals of the two countries. This is expected to provide a major impetus to cross border payments. The facility will enable individuals in both countries to remit money to their bank accounts in real time and at competitive rates. In the initial phase, the RBI has permitted transfer of S$1,000 per day. |
| Date: | 27 February 2023 |
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| Title: | General Pervez Musharraf’s Legacies |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The mechanics of General Pervez Musharraf’s authoritarianism share a close semblance to the strategies of political manipulations of Pakistan’s previous dictators, Ayub Khan and Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. However, aspects of constitutional change, expansion of the media and a significant shift in the public discourse towards the establishment are notable and enduring features of a post-Musharraf Pakistan. His ambivalence towards Islamist militants and state repression towards the aggrieved have left the country more divided and more fractious than before. |
| Date: | 22 February 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Growing Techplomacy |
| Author/s: | Karthik Nachiappan |
| Abstract: | India has moved to solidify two critical diplomatic partnerships through technology that could have far reaching effects. |
| Date: | 15 February 2023 |
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| Title: | Trade with Asia is a Pathway for Crisis-Hit Sri Lanka |
| Author/s: | Ganeshan Wignaraja |
| Abstract: | South Asia and East Asia trade are growing amid global uncertainty. Alongside an International Monetary Fund programme, Sri Lanka should adopt pro-trade reforms to tap into this source of dynamism to tackle its dire economic crisis. This will improve the betting odds on Sri Lanka, avoiding a lost development decade and untold misery for its people. |
| Date: | 14 February 2023 |
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| Title: | General Pervez Musharraf and Pakistan’s India Relationship |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | General Pervez Musharraf, Pakistan’s former Chief of Army Staff, who passed away on 5 February 2023, leaves behind a complex legacy on Islamabad’s relations with Delhi. His tenure at the helm of Pakistan’s army and polity saw a limited war in Kashmir as well as a productive bilateral peace process that came close to success. Pakistan and India can build on that legacy when conditions are propitious. |
| Date: | 8 February 2023 |
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| Title: | Developing an Ideology: Evolution of the Pakistani Taliban |
| Author/s: | Iqbal Singh Sevea |
| Abstract: | The militant outfit, Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), has been at the heart of several attacks in Pakistan lately. Most recently, it has been accused of the explosion in a mosque in Peshawar at the end of January 2023, which killed over 100 people. These attacks point to the TTP gearing up for an ideological battle, which could see the introduction of a fresh component to the South Asian militant terrain. |
| Date: | 7 February 2023 |
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| Title: | India Budget FY2023-24: Emphasising Growth amidst a Cloudy Global Outlook |
| Author/s: | Amitendu Palit |
| Abstract: | The last full budget of the Narendra Modi government has focused on maintaining a stable growth trajectory by enhancing investment in infrastructure and boosting consumption through lower taxes. Its success will depend on India’s macroeconomic resilience in the face of difficult external conditions. |
| Date: | 7 February 2023 |
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| Title: | India-Pakistan and the Indus Waters Treaty |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | For the last six decades, the Indus Waters Treaty has withstood many tests, including wars, military tensions and regular verbal spats between India and Pakistan. However, the treaty has continued to remain a bone of contention between the two neighbours. |
| Date: | 2 February 2023 |
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| Title: | India-US Strategic Partnership: The iCET Boost |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | Strategic ties between India and the United States could get a major lift from the new initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET) unveiled in Washington by the two national security advisers, Ajit Doval and Jake Sullivan. Coming amidst the growing convergence of interests in the Indo-Pacific, the iCET is expected to strengthen India’s military, technological and economic capabilities that will allow Delhi to contribute more effectively to the construction of a stable regional balance of power. |
| Date: | 2 February 2023 |
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| Title: | Pakistan’s Environmental and Climate Crisis |
| Author/s: | Imran Ahmed |
| Abstract: | The issue of climate change has acquired renewed salience in Pakistan with the increasing frequency of climate-induced disasters. Pakistan’s growing population is further anticipated to place increasing pressure on the environment while diminishing natural resources and rising pollution look to threaten life, livelihoods and the quality of life in the country. While advances in addressing the climate crisis at the international and domestic levels have occurred in charting pathways forward, inaction and resistance to change remain the problem. |
| Date: | 1 February 2023 |
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| Title: | China-Bhutan Border Talks |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | Bhutanese and Chinese officials engaged in the 11th round of Expert Group Meeting have agreed to “push forward” their boundary talks. However, it is hard to imagine Thimphu agreeing to any boundary-related deal with Beijing that concerns New Delhi. |
| Date: | 25 January 2023 |
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| Title: | Afghanistan (2001-2021): Challenges of Nation-Building |
| Author/s: | Zahid Shahab Ahmed, Faizan Fakhar, Khurram Abbas |
| Abstract: | The speed at which the Taliban takeover in 2021 happened shocked the international community, bringing to attention the challenges and lessons of nation-building in Afghanistan. This brief addresses the factors that led to the cataphoric series of events that ended with the Taliban takeover in 2021. |
| Date: | 24 January 2023 |
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| Title: | Presidential Election in the Maldives |
| Author/s: | Amit Ranjan |
| Abstract: | The Maldivian presidential election on 9 September 2023 would appear to be a clear-cut contest for the ruling coalition should former President Abdulla Yameen not be eligible to contest. However, the feud between President Ibrahim Mohamed Solih and Mohamed Nasheed, Speaker of the Parliament, coupled with policy decisions taken by Solih’s administration and opposition-led campaigns, will have an impact on the voters’ decision at the polls. |
| Date: | 19 January 2023 |
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| Title: | India’s Return to the Global South |
| Author/s: | Chilamkuri Raja Mohan |
| Abstract: | The Voice of the Global South Summit that New Delhi convened in January 2023 is not about returning to the anti-Western ideological tropes of the non-aligned movement. Delhi hopes its renewed engagement with the developing countries will boost its quest for a larger international role and complement its growing strategic partnerships with the major powers, including the United States and Europe. |
| Date: | 16 January 2023 |
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| Title: | Sheikh Hasina’s Japan Trip Postponed: Geopolitical Pressure versus Domestic Politics |
| Author/s: | Mohammad Masudur Rahman |
| Abstract: | Bangladesh’s Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was scheduled to visit Japan in late November 2022. However, she decided to postpone the trip late in the day. Given Bangladesh’s heavy dependence on Japanese investment and official development assistance, the visit would have been important for Bangladesh’s economic development and for enhancing ties with Japan. |
| Date: | 12 January 2023 |
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